This paper discusses the policy of criminalization and punishment for crimes related to document security, emphasizing the importance of penal policy in protecting social interests. It covers the concept of criminalization policy and the policy of punishment, as well as the principle of legality of crimes and penalties. Result and Conclusion: The article concludes that the penal policy for protecting security documents is important for maintaining state security, and specialized state oversight agencies should be involved in monitoring those who deal with security documents. The punitive policy is determined in three areas: criminalization, prevention, and punishment. The paper recommends that the Iraqi legislator enact special laws aimed at protecting the secrets of security documents by finding mechanisms and methods that allow the involvement of specialized state oversight agencies. The paper recommends that the Iraqi legislator merge Articles (177) and (178) of the Iraqi Penal Code No. (111) of 1969, as amended, so that the penalty for disclosing the secret is one penalty without distinguishing between if this act is done for the benefit of a foreign country or the benefit of others. The article also calls on the Iraqi legislator to provide greater protection for security documents by involving specialized state oversight agencies such as the National Intelligence Service or the Directorate of Military Intelligence.