Land Dispute, State Absence and Social Movements Analysis on Sociology of Peasant Movement in Indonesia Plantation

10.2478/bjlp-2022-007028

Abstract

Background: PT. Perkebunan Nasional XII (Persero) formed a social movement in Kalibakar plantation region due to differences of opinion, lack of factual news and the state's participation in managing incidents of land grabbing for plantations in Kalibakar.

Objectives: This research will look at the factors that lead to conflicts over land ownership and how the state responds to land grabbing for plantations in Kalibakar, Malang Regency, involving residents from three different sub-districts, including Dampit, Tirtoyudo, and Ampelgading.

Methods: this research method is qualitative using a descriptive approach with social movement theory. The data analysis technique in this study uses a flow model with stages that are divided into three stages of data analysis, namely the data reduction stage, data presentation, and conclusion drawing/verification.

Result: Violence, both physical and political, is being used to resolve the disagreement between the people and PT. Perkebunan Nasional XII (Persero). The seizure of plantation land in Kalibakar demonstrates how the state's current function is not to preserve the rights of its people, but to become an actor who contributes to the development of confiscation by becoming a state actor itself. Singojayan Village (Ampelgading District) farmers have this problem, as do Tlogosari Village (Kepatihan, Tirtoyudo) farmers in Kepatihan, Tirtoyudo, and Bumirejo Village (Dampit District) farmers in Dampit (Sumbermanjing Wetan District). Agrarian reform (LRL) from below should be revived as a paradigm to counteract the state's hegemony over land. Because it is primarily through this movement that comprehensive land reform can be implemented. Farmers gain control of their land through LRL, and that land is then allocated equally among all farmers. agrarian reform from the bottom has a better chance of being implemented because it is conceptually closer to the people's actual material position and condition.

Novelty: The emergence of social movements in the conflict over plantation land in Kalibakar is the lack of the role of the state in helping to solve the problems in this agrarian conflict, it is the state with its various instruments that are the actors that contribute to fertilizing the seizure of plantation land in Kalibakar. This gave rise to the idea of ​​agrarian reform from below (LRL) as a concept to stop the domination of land power by the state.